A study in humans established a multi-class support vector machine (MSVM) classification model for forensic body fluid identification using 14 microRNAs, where the miR-4286 was evaluated as a body fluid-specific marker for vaginal secretion (VS) identification [Li et al. DOI:10.1016/j.fsigen.2024.103180]. A review notes that miRNAs, including the miR-4286, show strongly increased expression in menstrual secretion and are used for identification via mathematical models like discriminant analysis [Courts et al. DOI:10.3238/arztebl.m2024.0051]. A study in humans demonstrated that the miR-4286 was identified as a candidate marker for vaginal secretion, appearing less specific than miR-193b-3p and miR-1260b but still contributing to body fluid differentiation within a set of 12 miRNAs that successfully distinguished five forensically relevant body fluids using RT-qPCR analysis [Altmeyer et al. DOI:10.1002/elps.202400089].