A study in humans identified the mir-4435 as a potential biomarker, finding it was significantly higher in plaque rupture patients than in plaque erosion patients within a replication cohort, though it was lower in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients compared to healthy controls [Li et al. DOI:10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.11.019]. A study in humans demonstrated that the mir-4435 is a potential biomarker for venous blood identification in forensic body fluid analysis, as it is listed among specific markers for this fluid type [Zhiyong Liu et al. DOI:10.1007/s00414-025-03656-2].