A study in humans demonstrated that the miR-4539 was among 545 microRNAs differentially expressed between monozygotic twin pairs, being shared across three pairs of twins in blood samples, which suggests a role in distinguishing genetically identical individuals [Xiao et al. DOI:10.1016/j.fsigen.2019.05.003]. This finding, alongside the validation of other selected miRNAs by qRT-PCR, indicates a role for differential miRNA expression, including the miR-4539, in distinguishing genetically identical individuals for forensic identification.