A study in humans demonstrated that the mir-511 was significantly decreased in the prefrontal cortex of depressed suicide subjects compared to non-psychiatric controls, with expression measured at 0.598 of control levels [Smalheiser et al. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0033201]. A separate human study identified the mir-511 as an immune-related miRNA in serum exosomes, showing it was downregulated in septic shock compared to sepsis and, in combination with miR-193b-5p, provided an area under the curve of 0.795 for diagnosing sepsis versus controls [Li et al. DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-89946-6]. A study in mice demonstrated that the mir-511 was differentially expressed at both 6h and 24h after γ-irradiation in blood and was also present in the intersection group between 6 h γ-irradiation and 56Fe irradiation [Jia et al. DOI:10.3389/fcell.2022.861451]. In human postmortem brain research, the mir-511 was found to be upregulated in the Edinger-Westphal nucleus of subjects with major depressive disorder who died by suicide, where it targets GFRA1 [Yoshino et al. DOI:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.543893].