A study in humans identified miR-511-3p as an immune-related miRNA differentiating sepsis from septic shock, with its expression downregulated in septic shock compared to sepsis [Li et al. DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-89946-6]. A study in humans demonstrated that exosomes from heat stroke patients carry the miR-511-3p as one of the most upregulated miRNAs, associated with inflammatory and coagulation pathways [Li et al. DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2021.624753].