A study in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells demonstrated that the miR-5194 was significantly upregulated at a 1 Gy radiation dose, identifying it as a potential biomarker for radiation response [Lee et al. DOI:10.1155/2014/456323]. A subsequent review confirmed this finding, reporting the miR-5194 as upregulated in human PBMCs at 1 Gy 24h post-irradiation, supporting its role in dose estimation [Jia & Wang DOI:10.3389/fcell.2022.861451].