Forensic Context

A meta-analysis of human mTBI patients identified a robust peripheral miRNA signature across serum, plasma, and saliva, linking deregulated miRNAs to specific pathways including MAPK, TGF-β, WNT, and PI3K/AKT signaling [Matyasova et al. DOI:10.4149/gpb_2021038]. A study in mice and humans demonstrated that the miR-9-3p is elevated in serum of TBI patients and is a promising biomarker for mild TBI [Li et al. DOI:10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105643], while separate research in human monozygotic twins found the miR-9-3p to be differentially expressed and shared across two pairs of twins, indicating its potential role in distinguishing genetically identical individuals [Xiao et al. DOI:10.1016/j.fsigen.2019.05.003].