A study in mice demonstrated that plasma exosomes isolated after traumatic brain injury (TBI) contained the miR-154-5p at highly expressed levels, which was identified via miRNA sequencing as having a potential inhibitory role in osteoblast differentiation [Yang et al. DOI:10.1016/j.jot.2021.09.003]. In a separate investigation, chronic methamphetamine exposure in mice significantly altered miRNA expression profiles in the nucleus accumbens, where the miR-154-5p was identified as one of 45 known miRNAs significantly regulated by the drug treatment [Zhu et al. DOI:10.002/jnr.23605].