A study in human myocardial autopsy specimens demonstrated that the miR-181c-3p is down-regulated in septic hearts compared to non-septic controls [Pasi Lehto et al. DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-81114-6]. A study in rats demonstrated that the miR-181c-3p is upregulated in plasma exosomes 24 hours after traumatic brain injury (Log2FC: 6.48) and its expression change was concordant with sequencing results [Wang et al. DOI:10.7150/ijms.39667]. In a separate rat model of heroin addiction, the miR-181c-3p was found to be upregulated in the ventral tegmental area (1.61-fold) [Pence et al. DOI:10.1007/S00221-024-06972-Y].