A study in humans identified hsa-miR-181d-5p as a differentially expressed microRNA, finding it downregulated in the serum exosomes of patients with septic shock compared to healthy controls [Li et al. DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-89946-6]. In a separate human study, hsa-miR-181d was identified as significantly increased in the plasma of myocardial infarction patients compared to healthy controls using next-generation sequencing [Baulina et al. DOI:10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.07.129].