A study in humans demonstrated that the miR-24-1-5p was decreased by 30% or more in the prefrontal cortex of depressed suicide subjects compared to non-psychiatric controls [Smalheiser et al. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0033201]. A study in rats demonstrated that the miR-24-1-5p was upregulated 1.68-fold in the ventral tegmental area of heroin-addicted animals, as identified through next-generation miRNA sequencing [Pence et al. DOI:10.1007/S00221-024-06972-Y].