Forensic Context

A study in mice demonstrated that the miR-296-5p is an up-regulated known miRNA in thymus tissue following whole-body ionizing radiation exposure [Chen et al. DOI:10.1080/09553002.2016.1207821]. In human postmortem serum, exosomal miRNA expression profiling identified the miR-296-5p as significantly upregulated in acute myocardial infarction cases compared to hemorrhagic shock controls [Kanno et al. DOI:10.1007/S00414-022-02913-Y]. A study in mice demonstrated that miR-296-5p is upregulated in brain tissue biopsy at 24 hours and 7 days post-mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) [Martinez & Peplow DOI:10.4103/1673-5374.219025]. In humans, plasma levels of miR-296-5p were identified as a high-performance diagnostic marker for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), showing an approximate 12.6-fold increase in AMI patients compared to healthy controls and achieving an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.983 as a single marker, and it was subsequently validated as part of a two-miRNA diagnostic panel [Wang et al. DOI:10.1186/s40364-024-00690-x].