A study in human astrocytes demonstrated that the miR-3196 was significantly down-regulated (Fold Change: -5.13) in extracellular vesicles after exposure to 3 Gy proton radiation, identifying it as a biomarker for neurological radiation injury [Deriesha Gaines; Gergana G. Nestorova DOI:10.1016/j.lssr.2021.11.001]. In human myocardial autopsy specimens, the miR-3196 was found to be up-regulated in septic hearts compared to non-septic controls [Pasi Lehto; Sini Skarp; Taru Saukko; Hanna Säkkinen; Hannu Syrjälä; Risto Kerkelä; Samu Saarimäki; Sonja Bläuer; Katja Porvari; Lasse Pakanen; Jaana Karhu; Tero Ala-Kokko DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-81114-6]. A study in human astrocytes demonstrated that the miR-3196 is significantly down-regulated (Fold Change: -5.13) in extracellular vesicles after exposure to 3 Gy proton radiation, identifying it as a biomarker for neurological radiation injury [Gaines et al. DOI:10.1016/j.lssr.2021.11.001]. In a separate forensic investigation using human myocardial autopsy specimens, the miR-3196 was found to be up-regulated in the hearts of patients deceased with sepsis compared to non-septic controls [Lehto et al. DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-81114-6].