A study in Göttingen minipigs demonstrated that the miR-331-3p (ssc-miR-331-3p) is an early marker of lethal radiation, showing consistent down-regulation across all post-total body irradiation phases [Chakraborty et al. DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-45250-9]. In human peripheral blood, hsa-miR-331-3p was found to be significantly positively correlated with age in physiologically unaffected individuals [Meder et al. DOI:10.1373/clinchem.2014.224238]. In a rat model of methamphetamine-associated heart failure, the miR-331-3p was identified as a component of a competing endogenous RNA network, with its expression decreased following methamphetamine exposure [Zhang et al. DOI:10.1016/J.Taap.2022.116172].