Basic Information

Symbol
CTSG
RNA class
mRNA
Alias
Cathepsin G CG EC 3.4.21.20 EC 3.4.21 CATG
Location (GRCh38)
14:24573518-24576250
UCSC Genome Browser Search in Marker Scope
Forensic tag(s)
Cause of death analysis Mechanical injury analysis
External database
HGNC NCBI Ensembl OMIM UniProt GTEx

MANE select

Transcript ID
NM_001911.3
Sequence length
914.0 nt
GC content
0.5591

Secondary Structure

Generated by RNAfold
Minimum free energy (MFE) structure:
Secondary structure that contributes a minimum of free energy.
Ensemble properties:
Thermodynamic properties of the Boltzmann ensemble.
Minimum free energy
-325.80 kcal/mol
Thermodynamic ensemble
Free energy: -342.21 kcal/mol
Frequency: 0.0000
Diversity: 231.88
MFE Structure Visualization
Structure Prediction
MFE Structure Prediction
..(((.((((((......((.((((((((((.((((((((((((((....((((((.............))))))))))))))))........((.(((.(((((...........))))))))))....)))))))))))....))).)))))))))))....(((((((((.(((((((((.(((((((.((.(.((((((((.(.(((.......((((((((.............((((...(((((...........))))).))))........)))))))).......)))))))))))).).)))))...............(((((..((.............((((((((((.(..((((.........))))..).)))...)))))))..((.(.((((((....))))))).)).(((.......)))))..))))).(((((((((..((((((......(((....(((((((((((.........((((..((((.(((((.....((((.((((.((.....)).)))).))))((((.((((((.((.((((((...(((....))).))))))..))..)))))).)))))))))))))..))))..((((((((((....(((((((...((...))...)))))))..))))))...))))(((((.((((((...(((((...(((((..(((((((............)))))))...))))).....(((..(((........)))...)))..)))))...)))))))))))...)))))))))))..))).....))))))))))))))).))))))))))......((.((....)))).............))).)))))))))......................
Thermodynamic Ensemble Prediction
.(((((.{((((((((((((..{,{((((((.((({((((((((((,.{{((((((,,,{{,.,,,...})))}})})))))))),,,.....{|,||||||{||,},,,...,,.}}}}}|||}}....})))))))))}}.(((((....((((((.(((({.,((((.((((.((.(((((.((({{{({..,.{||||{(((,.{,,{{{|...{{||||.|..)))}........(((.,(((((((...........,....,..(({......))).{||.........)))|,(((((((({((((|,...|||.......,{{||||,.,.|}}..,{{{{,.,{{|||||||.{.,||||.,....,,}}}}).,),),}...,}}}))}...,.})))))))))...}.))))))).},},)....})).))))).)).))))))}))))).)))))).}.))))).{{{{..{{{(||,........|.}}}}.....)))).,|{(({.((((.((((.((.....)).)))).)))),)))}|{((((.((.(((((,...(((....))).))))))..))..))))}}))))))))))),...((((((...,,...},))))))(((,(((((((.(((((..,..(((...((((((...((((((((((((((((...(((((...(((((.,(((((((............))))))).,.))))).....(((..(((........)))...)))..)))))...))))},)))).)))).))))....))))))....))).,..))))).)))))}}).))).{{{{{.{(((......((({...........}}}}......)))).})))}....}}.))))).....

Transcripts

ID Sequence Length GC content
NM_001911.3 NCBI
AACUGACUGGGCAGCCUUUCAGGAAAGAUGCAGCCACUCCUGCUUCUGC… 914 nt 0.5591
Summary

The protein encoded by this gene, a member of the peptidase S1 protein family, is found in azurophil granules of neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The encoded protease has a specificity similar to that of chymotrypsin C, and may participate in the killing and digestion of engulfed pathogens, and in connective tissue remodeling at sites of inflammation. In addition, the encoded protein is antimicrobial, with bacteriocidal activity against S. aureus and N. gonorrhoeae. Transcript variants utilizing alternative polyadenylation signals exist for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]

Forensic Context

A study in mice demonstrated that the CTSG is a candidate forensic biomarker of hypothermia, showing a 5.278-fold upregulation in lung transcriptome analysis following hypothermia-induced death [Takamiya et al. DOI:10.1016/J.Legalmed.2020.101789]. In human burn injury research, the CTSG was identified as a significantly up-regulated immune-related gene and validated as a potential biomarker in patient blood samples [Niu et al. DOI:10.1093/jbcr/irad050]. A study in mice demonstrated that the CTSG is a defining granule gene for a neutrophil-like monocyte cluster enriched following clodronate pre-treatment and controlled cortical impact brain injury, with its expression increased in whole blood monocytes [Gudenschwager Basso et al. DOI:10.1186/s12974-024-03032-8].