Basic Information

Symbol
GADD45A
RNA class
mRNA
Alias
Growth Arrest And DNA Damage Inducible Alpha GADD45 DDIT1 Growth Arrest And DNA Damage-Inducible Protein GADD45 Alpha DNA Damage-Inducible Transcript 1 Protein DDIT-1 Growth Arrest And DNA-Damage-Inducible 45 Alpha Growth Arrest And DNA-Damage-Inducible, Alpha DNA Damage-Inducible Transcript-1
Location (GRCh38)
1:67685201-67688334
UCSC Genome Browser Search in Marker Scope
Forensic tag(s)
Other applications
External database
HGNC NCBI Ensembl OMIM UniProt GTEx

MANE select

Transcript ID
NM_001924.4
Sequence length
1352.0 nt
GC content
0.5074

Secondary Structure

Generated by RNAfold
Minimum free energy (MFE) structure:
Secondary structure that contributes a minimum of free energy.
Ensemble properties:
Thermodynamic properties of the Boltzmann ensemble.
Minimum free energy
-450.40 kcal/mol
Thermodynamic ensemble
Free energy: -477.56 kcal/mol
Frequency: 0.0000
Diversity: 361.50
MFE Structure Visualization
Structure Prediction
MFE Structure Prediction
.((.(((((((.((((((((((((..(((.((((.(.....).)))))))..)))..)))......((((((((((.((..((......))..(((.(......).)))((((((.((.((((((((......((.(..((...((((.((.(((((((..(((...((((((.(((...(((.((....(((((((((((...((....))....))))))).))))))))).))).))))....))...)))..))))(((((.(((((..(((((.(((.((.((((...(((..((((.(.(...((((..(((....)))))))..)).)))).)))..)))).)).))).))))).))))).))))).(((((((((((((.(((((((((((((((((((((((((..(((.((((((...))))))...)))..)))))))))..)))..)))))))..))))))((..((.(.(((...(..(((((......)))))..).))).).))..)).....)))).))))))))).((........)).....))))).)))).))..)))..)))))))).)).))))))(((((..((.(.((..((((.(((....))).))))..))).))))))))))))))))))).)))))).))))))).)).....((..((((((((...(((....)))(((...((((((.....(((((((...(((((..(((((((....(((((....))))).)))))))...(((((.((((((((.(((((((...................((........)).((((((((.(((.(((((((((..(((.....)))......))))).......))))))).)))))))))))))))..(((((.....)))))...))).))))).))))))))))))))))))))))).)))........))))))))..)).....((((..((((.((((((..........(((((((...((((...............(((((...((.....)).))))).........(((((((...((((((.((((.(((.......)))...)))).))))))))))))).....((((((...........))))))(((((((...((..((((.....))))..)).))))))).............)))).)))))))((((........))))...)))))).))))..)))).....(((((...))))).(((..((((((((((((((.................................))))))))))))))...)))
Thermodynamic Ensemble Prediction
.((.(((((((.((((((((((((..(({,(((({{.....).)))))))..))),.}}}...||.((((((((((.((..((..,,..}}..(((.(......).)))((((((.((.((((((((.{.((.(.(((.(((((((.(((.((({(((({{(((...((((((.(((,,.{((,((,,..({(((((((((...((....))....))))))))))))))))),))).))))....))..,)))..})))|).))).))))))))))..}||.|{,{({{,....,,,||{{.{,{,..{{|||.(((....)))}},,..||,.,|||,||..,.,,,|(,((|,||}}}||{||,..{|.|{(((((((((((((.(((((((((((((((((((((((((..(((.((((((...))))))...)))..))))))))}..))))},})))))..)))))){{,{(,.(,(({.,.(..(((((......)))))..).))}.),))..)),,.,.)))).))))))))}.}}}.,)..}.))..}})))),)}}})}.})..})),,)))))))).)).))))))|{{{{{{((.(.((..((((.(((....))).))))..))).))))))})))))))))))).)))))).))))))).))...,,{...((((((((...,,,...,|||(((...((((((....,(((((({...(((((..(((((({...,((({(....}),))))))))))...(((((.((((((((.{((((((....,..............{,.....,.....((((((((.{{{.{({{(((({{.{{{,,..,|||......,,....,,.,}}))))))}.))))))))))))))}..{||{|...,.)))))..,))),})))).))))))))))))))))))))))).)))},,.....)))))))}..}}.....,{{,.{((({.{,,,||}}.........||{.,,,,..,...,..,,,,..,....{((({...,{.....}}.}}}}}..,,,,,,.(((((((...((((((.(({(.{({.......)}}...)))),))))))))))))).....((((((...........))))))(((((((...((..((((.....))))..)).))))))).....,...|||,|||||,}}}},{((((........))))}..||||}}.,}}},,}}},.,,.,||||,,{{|||,|{{((,.,{{{{||||||{||,,,,,,,.|||.......,......,,,.,,..})))))}}}}}}}).,.)}.

Transcripts

ID Sequence Length GC content
NM_001199741.2 NCBI
AGUGGCUGGUAGGCAGUGGCUGGGAGGCAGCGGCCCAAUUAGUGUCGUG… 1250 nt 0.5000
NM_001199742.2 NCBI
AGUGGCUGGUAGGCAGUGGCUGGGAGGCAGCGGCCCAAUUAGUGUCGUG… 1114 nt 0.4722
NM_001924.4 NCBI
AGUGGCUGGUAGGCAGUGGCUGGGAGGCAGCGGCCCAAUUAGUGUCGUG… 1352 nt 0.5074
Summary

This gene is a member of a group of genes whose transcript levels are increased following stressful growth arrest conditions and treatment with DNA-damaging agents. The protein encoded by this gene responds to environmental stresses by mediating activation of the p38/JNK pathway via MTK1/MEKK4 kinase. The DNA damage-induced transcription of this gene is mediated by both p53-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010] CIViC Summary for GADD45A Gene

Forensic Context

A study in human primary lung microvascular endothelial cells demonstrated that acute X-ray irradiation (10 Gy) induced significant transcriptional changes, including the upregulation of the GADD45A gene, which showed a 3.4-fold increase in mRNA expression at 24 hours post-irradiation as part of the DNA damage response [Bouten et al. DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-03636-7]. A study in human keratinocytes and mouse skin demonstrated that X-ray irradiation induced the expression of the GADD45A mRNA, which was identified as a proapoptotic gene induced by UVB irradiation [Koike et al. DOI:10.1269/jrr.46.173]. In a separate mouse model of myotonic dystrophy, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis indicated that downregulation of epidermal growth factor activated the GADD45A as part of a stress response network in cardiomyocytes [Lee et al. DOI:10.1093/hmg/ddac108].