Basic Information

Symbol
GSTM4
RNA class
mRNA
Alias
Glutathione S-Transferase Mu 4 Leukotriene C4 Synthase GSTM4 Glutathione S-Transferase M4 GST Class-Mu 4 EC 2.5.1.18 GSTM4-4 GST-Mu2 Testis Tissue Sperm-Binding Protein Li 60n S-(Hydroxyalkyl)Glutathione Lyase M4 Glutathione S-Aralkyltransferase M4 Glutathione S-Alkyltransferase M4 Glutathione S-Aryltransferase M4 EC 4.4.1.20 GTS-Mu2 GTM4
Location (GRCh38)
1:109656099-109665496
UCSC Genome Browser Search in Marker Scope
Forensic tag(s)
Mechanical injury analysis
External database
HGNC NCBI Ensembl OMIM UniProt GTEx

MANE select

Transcript ID
NM_000850.5
Sequence length
1394.0 nt
GC content
0.5603

Secondary Structure

Generated by RNAfold
Minimum free energy (MFE) structure:
Secondary structure that contributes a minimum of free energy.
Ensemble properties:
Thermodynamic properties of the Boltzmann ensemble.
Minimum free energy
-490.20 kcal/mol
Thermodynamic ensemble
Free energy: -515.61 kcal/mol
Frequency: 0.0000
Diversity: 294.78
MFE Structure Visualization
Structure Prediction
MFE Structure Prediction
.((((((...(((((((.(((((((.......(((((..((.(.(((((((((((..........))))).)))))).)..))..))))).((((((.((((((((((((((.......))))).....((((..(.(((((.......)))))..)..))))))))))))).).)))))..))))))))))))))))))))((((..((..((..((((.(((((....((.(((((..(..(((((....(((((((((..(((((((........(((..((((..((((....))))..)))))))..((((((((((((((((((((....))))...))))))....)))..((((((......(((.((.((......((((((.(((((.(...(((((((.......))).((((...))))...........(((((..((((.(((......)))....))))..)))))....(((((.((....)).).))))))))..).))))).))))))......))))..))).....))))))((((((...(((((((.((((((..(.((((((.(((.((((.....((((.((((.((.(((((.(((.(((.(((((((.((....))...)))))))..........((((((((((.((((((...((((.(((((.(((..((.((((((.(((...)))))))))..))))).).)))).)))).((((..((...((((((..........))))))))..)))).))))))..)))).)))).))))).))).))))).))...))))........((((((((..........((.((((..(((((...))))))))).)))))))))))))).....)))).)))((((.((....)).))))((((.((.((((((........)))))))).))))((((((.((((((((((((........(((((((.....))))))).((((.(..(((((..........))))).))))))))))))))))).)))))))))))).)..))))))...(((((.......))))))))))))..))))))........))))))))))))))........)))))))))...............)))))..)..))))).....))....))))).))))...))...))..)))).............(((((((.....(((((((.(((((.....))))).))((((((((((((((....))))))(((...((((((.....)))))).)))....)))))))).((((....))))...(((....)))(((((....))))).......)))))..))))))).
Thermodynamic Ensemble Prediction
...{{(((((((((({..(({{((({|....)})).)).||}(((.((((((.,(((((((((((((,((((..,.((({...})))..},.)))}..,},,...,)))))))))).)).......,)))))).)))|||||}}}}},{||,,,..{{{(,(((({,(((...((((((,,(((.(((((((,.{((((...((.(((((((.{(.(((((.((.(((((((.{,(((((.(((({......})))).))))){|||{,......},}........,.....{{{{...))),))))))).)).)).))}.)).)))))))}),.)))))))))))).)))(((.......))).{{{.......}}|,,...,.(({....(,.((((((.{.{,.{{..,((((..((((...((((((((.........(((((..((((.(((......)))....))))..)))))..(((((((,{...,,{....((((((.({..(((((((((((((..........,,)))))....{(((((.((((......(.((((,,(,..((..(((((...(((((((.(((.....)))...)))))))(((,..((,{(((((((.({.(((((((.{....((((...((((((({{{((((.((((((...{(((.(((((.(((..((.((((((.(((...)))))))))..))))).)}}})).)))}.((((..((...{{((((..........))))))))..)))).))))))..)))).}}}},||,,,...}}}|||{..,,,,|}},.....},,)).)))))))))......}.)))))},).}).))).)))))))..,.))).)))))..))}}))))))}.....)))).))))))}))))))))))))))){{.....,....||||,,.})))(((((((.((((((((((((........(((((((.....))))))).((((.{..(((((..........))))).})))))))))))))))).)))))))......))))))...........{.(((((..(((((({...........................).))))))..)))))..))))))))...,)))}..))))),.).)))))),,.....}}}.},,}})))})}......)}},}}}.}}.}}}}.....,)}),|{||||{.....|{{{{((.(((((.....))))).))(((((((((((,(({.,.,||{({(((...((({{{,,.}}))))}}.),)}}}))))))))).{{||,...))))...|||,,,.))},{{{|,,,.))))),,.....,}}))..}}))))).

Transcripts

ID Sequence Length GC content
NM_000850.5 NCBI
CUAGUGCUUCCGGACCUUGCUCCCUGAACACUCGGAGGUGGCGGUGGAU… 1394 nt 0.5603
NM_147148.3 NCBI
CUAGUGCUUCCGGACCUUGCUCCCUGAACACUCGGAGGUGGCGGUGGAU… 1345 nt 0.5242
Summary

Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of glutathione S-transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been identified: alpha, kappa, mu, omega, pi, sigma, theta and zeta. This gene encodes a glutathione S-transferase that belongs to the mu class. The mu class of enzymes functions in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and products of oxidative stress, by conjugation with glutathione. The genes encoding the mu class of enzymes are organized in a gene cluster on chromosome 1p13.3 and are known to be highly polymorphic. These genetic variations can change an individual's susceptibility to carcinogens and toxins as well as affect the toxicity and efficacy of certain drugs. Diversification of these genes has occurred in regions encoding substrate-binding domains, as well as in tissue expression patterns, to accommodate an increasing number of foreign compounds. Multiple transcript variants, each encoding a distinct protein isoform, have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Forensic Context

A study in humans demonstrated that the GSTM4 mRNA was down-regulated by 35% in pericontusional brain tissue from a patient with traumatic brain injury (TBI) compared to control tissue, as identified through cDNA microarray analysis [Michael et al. DOI:10.1016/j.jocn.2004.11.003].