Basic Information

Symbol
GYPC
RNA class
mRNA
Alias
Glycophorin C (Gerbich Blood Group) GPC GPD Sialoglycoprotein D CD236R CD236 GYPD Ge Glycoprotein Beta Gerbich Antigen Glycoconnectin Glycophorin-C Glycophorin-D PAS-2' Gerbich Blood Group Antigen Glycophorin D CD236 Antigen PAS-2 GLPC
Location (GRCh38)
2:126655938-126696667
UCSC Genome Browser Search in Marker Scope
Forensic tag(s)
Tissue/body fluid identification
External database
HGNC NCBI Ensembl OMIM UniProt GTEx

MANE select

Transcript ID
NM_002101.5
Sequence length
1018.0 nt
GC content
0.5894

Secondary Structure

Generated by RNAfold
Minimum free energy (MFE) structure:
Secondary structure that contributes a minimum of free energy.
Ensemble properties:
Thermodynamic properties of the Boltzmann ensemble.
Minimum free energy
-389.10 kcal/mol
Thermodynamic ensemble
Free energy: -409.76 kcal/mol
Frequency: 0.0000
Diversity: 272.56
MFE Structure Visualization
Structure Prediction
MFE Structure Prediction
((..(((..(((..((((((((.(((.(((((.......)))))..)))....)))))))))))..(((((.((((((.((((...((.((((((((((.(((......))).))..(((..(((((........))...)))))))))))).)).))..)))))))))))))))(((((((((.......((((............))))..(((..(((((((....)))))))))).))).)))))).((((....)))).............((((..((..(((((.((((.........)))).)))))))..)))).....(((((((((((..((.((((((........((((((((....(((.(((.........)))..))).(((((.....((((((.......))))))...)))))((((((...)))))).........))))))))...)))))))).)))))..........)))))).....(((((...((((.....(((.(((((....(((....)))........((((....((((((((((((((((((....((.....(((((.(((....)))..)))))............((((((.....))))))((((((((((((.((..(((((.....))).))........((((((((((.((...)).)))))....))))).(((((...(((...((((..(((((....)))))..))))....)))...))))))))))))))))).)).)).....))))))(((((((((((......))))))...)))))))))))))))))......))))...))))).))).))))..))))).........(((((((((..((((((((((((((((((.....)))))))))).....((((.(((((((..........))))))))))).)))))))).))))).))))..)))..)).......................
Thermodynamic Ensemble Prediction
.{,,(((,,(((,.(((((,((.(((.(((((.{....,)))))..)))|}||)))}))}}|||..(((({,((((((.((((...((.((((((({{({(((....||||},}}..{{(,.{{{{{..,..,..)},,,))).}})))))).)).))..))))))))))))))){(((({{{{.......(({{............))))|.{{{..(((((((....))))))))))}))|,||||||.((((....}))}{{{((,({..,,||{{(...,,.}}|{|,{{{|,,,....,{||||,||}((((,,((({{{((((((((({{({{..{{.((((((.,,....,((((((({,..|({{.{{{.........,}).})}}.(((((..,{.((((((.......)))))).}.))))){{{|{{...)))))).......},))}))))},,,))))))},.,))))..,,,,....)))))},,{{{(((((...(({({{...(((.(((((....(((....)))........((((....(((((((((((((((({{....,{.|.,,((({(.(((....)))..))))},........,.,((((((.....))))))|{((((((((((.((..(((((.....))).))........((((((((((.((...)).)))))....))))).(((((...(((...{(((.((((((....)))))})})))...,)))...))))))))))))))))).)),||.....}}}}}|(((({{{((({,...}}))))))...)))))))))))))))))......)))),..))))).)))}))}}..))))}.,,)))...,,|||||||,}|,|||||..(((((((((,...,))))))))))}}}|.{(((.(((((((..........))))))))))))))))))},.|||||.||,,...}}}}}}}......................

Transcripts

ID Sequence Length GC content
NM_001256584.2 NCBI
CCUCUCGCCGCCGAGGGUCAGGAGCCCGGGAGCGCGACCCUCCCCCGGC… 1836 nt 0.5594
NM_002101.5 NCBI
CCUCUCGCCGCCGAGGGUCAGGAGCCCGGGAGCGCGACCCUCCCCCGGC… 1018 nt 0.5894
NM_016815.4 NCBI
CCUCUCGCCGCCGAGGGUCAGGAGCCCGGGAGCGCGACCCUCCCCCGGC… 961 nt 0.5900
Summary

Glycophorin C (GYPC) is an integral membrane glycoprotein. It is a minor species carried by human erythrocytes, but plays an important role in regulating the mechanical stability of red cells. A number of glycophorin C mutations have been described. The Gerbich and Yus phenotypes are due to deletion of exon 3 and 2, respectively. The Webb and Duch antigens, also known as glycophorin D, result from single point mutations of the glycophorin C gene. The glycophorin C protein has very little homology with glycophorin s A and B. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

Forensic Context

A study in humans demonstrated that the GYPC is an mRNA marker used for blood identification from enhanced fingermarks, where its detection via multiplex RT-PCR was successful after chemical enhancement treatments, though detection rates varied with leucocrystal violet preventing detection in the most depleted samples [Fox et al. DOI:10.1016/j.scijus.2014.01.001]. Furthermore, a review notes that an antibody recognizing the GYPC, a protein found in erythrocytes, is utilized in immunochromatographic RSID-blood tests for forensic serology [Bazyar DOI:10.3390/s23135856].