| ID | Sequence | Length | GC content |
|---|---|---|---|
| ACAAUUACUCUACAGCUCAGAACACCAACUGCUGAGGCUGCCUUGGGAA… | 1574 nt | 0.4581 |
HLA-DQA1 belongs to the HLA class II alpha chain paralogues. The class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DQA) and a beta chain (DQB), both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B Lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The alpha chain is approximately 33-35 kDa. It is encoded by 5 exons; exon 1 encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, and exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DQ molecule both the alpha chain and the beta chain contain the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities, resulting in up to four different molecules. Typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow transplantation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
A study in humans identified the HLA-DQA1 as a high-degree node in a protein-protein interaction network and a differentially expressed gene downregulated in the blood of myocardial infarction patients compared to healthy controls [Zhao et al. DOI:10.3892/etm.2017.5580]. A separate study in mice and humans found the HLA-DQA1 upregulated in monocytes from septic mice and incorporated it into an eight-gene machine learning model that achieved high diagnostic accuracy (AUROC 0.904-0.924) for identifying sepsis in human blood samples [Li et al. DOI:10.1007/s00011-025-02068-7].