High Mobility Group Box 1
SBP-1
HMG3
HMG1
High-Mobility Group (Nonhistone Chromosomal) Protein 1
Sulfoglucuronyl Carbohydrate Binding Protein
High Mobility Group Protein B1
High Mobility Group Protein 1
DKFZp686A04236
Amphoterin
HMG-1
High-Mobility Group Box 1
This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the High Mobility Group-box superfamily. The encoded non-histone, nuclear DNA-binding protein regulates transcription, and is involved in organization of DNA. This protein plays a role in several cellular processes, including inflammation, cell differentiation and tumor cell migration. Multiple pseudogenes of this gene have been identified. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode the same protein. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]
Forensic Context
A study in rats and humans demonstrated that after traumatic brain injury, the HMGB1 level significantly declined below basal level at 6 hours and returned to baseline after 2 days in rat brain, with cellular translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in neurons and glia at early stages and later localization to phagocytic microglia in both species [Gao et al. DOI:10.1097/TA.0b013e31823c54a6]. In a rat model of polytrauma, plasma levels of the HMGB1 were significantly elevated at 6 and 24 hours post-trauma compared to a singular injury control [Mangum et al. DOI:10.1186/s13018-019-1082-4]. In a porcine trauma model, induction of hypothermia resulted in a significantly prolonged elevation of both systemic and local levels of the HMGB1 at 48 hours compared to normothermic controls [Horst et al. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0154788].