Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. This gene encodes an I-domain-containing alpha integrin that undergoes post-translational cleavage in the extracellular domain, yielding disulfide-linked heavy and light chains. In combination with the beta 7 integrin, this protein forms the E-cadherin binding integrin known as the human mucosal lymphocyte-1 antigen. This protein is preferentially expressed in human intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL), and in addition to a role in adhesion, it may serve as an accessory molecule for IEL activation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Forensic Context
A study in human skin tissue demonstrated that burn injury is associated with a significant shift in T cell phenotype from tissue-resident to circulating, characterized by lower gene and protein expression of the tissue residency marker ITGAE (encoding CD103) in T cells from burn tissue compared to non-burn tissue [Labuz et al. DOI:10.7554/eLife.82626]. This was corroborated by a lower frequency of CD103+CD69+ T cells via flow cytometry, indicating altered tissue retention and homing receptor profiles post-injury.