Basic Information

Symbol
APOA1
RNA class
mRNA
Alias
Apolipoprotein A1 Apolipoprotein A-I Apo-AI Epididymis Secretory Sperm Binding Protein AMYLD3 HPALP2 Apo(A) ApoA-I
Location (GRCh38)
11:116835750-116838203
UCSC Genome Browser Search in Marker Scope
Forensic tag(s)
Wound age identification
External database
HGNC NCBI Ensembl OMIM UniProt GTEx

MANE select

Transcript ID
NM_000039.3
Sequence length
899.0 nt
GC content
0.6296

Secondary Structure

Generated by RNAfold
Minimum free energy (MFE) structure:
Secondary structure that contributes a minimum of free energy.
Ensemble properties:
Thermodynamic properties of the Boltzmann ensemble.
Minimum free energy
-376.50 kcal/mol
Thermodynamic ensemble
Free energy: -391.43 kcal/mol
Frequency: 0.0000
Diversity: 291.75
MFE Structure Visualization
Structure Prediction
MFE Structure Prediction
.(((((((.(.((((((((((.(((.((((..((((...)))).)))).)).)..)))))((((((.((((.(((((..((((.((((((((((((.(((((.(((((............((((((((.((((((.((...((((((.....(((.((((((((......))))......)))).))).(((..(((((((((((((((.((((....((.(((((............))))).)).)))).).)))))))))).))))..)))..))))))(((.((((.((.....)).))))..))))))))))).))))))))....(((.....)))........(((((..(.(...((((........))))......).)..)))))...((((((((((.((((..(.(((((.....))))).)))))))).....(.((((((((.......))))))))).((((((((...((((.....))))))))).)))..)))))))..))))).))))).)))))))((((((((((......((((((....)))))))))))).))))..(((.......)))..)))))))))..))).)).)))))).))))((((......)))).(((((((...)))))))....((((((((((..(((((.(.(((((...((..(((((...((((..........)))).(((.((.((((.(((....)))...)).)))))))...)))))...))..))))).).(((((((..(((..(((((.((((....)))).)))))..)))..))))))).....)))))..)))).)))))).......)))))))))).)))..........((((((...))))))
Thermodynamic Ensemble Prediction
.(((((((.(.((((({(({{.,((.((((,,((({...,}}}.||}},||,|,,||}||(((({{,((((.(((({..((((.((({((((((((.(((({.(((((........,,,,(((((({(.((((((.((,.,{({(((..,,.(((.(((((({(,.....}}))......)))).))).{{{..(((((((((((((((.((((..,,{{.{{{||,....,,,{...,},,,,)),)))).).)))))))))},))))..}}},.))}}}},{.,((((.,{...,,))}}|||,||.||}|||}}}.}}))))))....(((,....}))...},.})}}))|},,,|,}}{{{{,,,,..,,,}))}}.}}.|||...|}}}...((((((((((.((((..(.(((((.....))))).}))))))).....{.((((((((.......))))))))}.|{({((((.,.(({({....)}})}})))||}}..)))))))..))))).})))}.)))))))((((((((((......((((({...,)))))))))))).))))..({{|,||||.,}|.,))))))}}}..}}),}).))))})}))))||||.,,,,,)))).(((((((...)))))))....((((((((((..((((({(.{(({{...{{..{|||{..,((({.{{{,((,..{|||.{({.{,.(((,.|}},.|,)))|,,||.,}}}}}}...)))}),..)}..)))))}).(((((((..(((..(({{(|((((....)))).)))))..)))..))))))).....)))))..))))}}}))))..,,,,.)))))))))).)))..........|((((,...})))),

Transcripts

ID Sequence Length GC content
NM_000039.3 NCBI
AGAGACUGCGAGAAGGAGGUCCCCCACGGCCCUUCAGGAUGAAAGCUGC… 899 nt 0.6296
NM_001318017.2 NCBI
AGAGACUGCGAGAAGGAGGUGCGUCCUGCUGCCUGCCCCGGUCACUCUG… 976 nt 0.6363
NM_001318018.2 NCBI
AGAGACUGCGAGAAGGAGGUGCGUCCUGCUGCCUGCCCCGGUCACUCUG… 945 nt 0.6328
NM_001318021.1 NCBI
CACAAUGGACAAUGGCAACUGCCCACACACUCCCAUGGAGGGGAAGGGG… 1195 nt 0.6201
NM_001425090.1 NCBI
AGAGACUGCGAGAAGGAGGUGCGUCCUGCUGCCUGCCCCGGUCACUCUG… 985 nt 0.6355
NM_001425092.1 NCBI
AGAGACUGCGAGAAGGAGGUCCCCCACGGCCCUUCAGGAUGAAAGCUGC… 891 nt 0.6285
Summary

This gene encodes apolipoprotein A-I, which is the major protein component of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in plasma. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate the mature protein, which promotes cholesterol efflux from tissues to the liver for excretion, and is a cofactor for lecithin cholesterolacyltransferase (LCAT), an enzyme responsible for the formation of most plasma cholesteryl esters. This gene is closely linked with two other apolipoprotein genes on chromosome 11. Defects in this gene are associated with HDL deficiencies, including Tangier disease, and with systemic non-neuropathic amyloidosis. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]

Forensic Context

A study in pigs demonstrated that the APOA1 gene expression in subcutaneous fat tissue from bruises was down-regulated over time following a high-force impact [Barington et al. DOI:10.007/s12024-017-9869-2]. Another study in porcine bruises confirmed the APOA1 was downregulated over time relative to control tissue [Barington et al. DOI:10.1016/J.Jflm.2018.06.005]. A study in humans demonstrated that changes in the isoform distribution of the APOA1 were observed in serum following treatment with human growth hormone and administration of the GHRH analog CJC-1295 [Reichel DOI:10.1016/J.Forsciint.2011.07.031].