Basic Information

Symbol
MRPL23
RNA class
mRNA
Alias
Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein L23~Name Same As:- HGNC:14038 L23MRP Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein L23 RPL23L UL23m 39S Ribosomal Protein L23, Mitochondrial Large Ribosomal Subunit Protein UL23m L23 Mitochondrial-Related Protein MRP-L23 L23mt Mitochondrial Large Ribosomal Subunit Protein UL23m Ribosomal Protein Related To L23 (Mitochondrial) Ribosomal Protein L23-Like RPL23
Location (GRCh38)
11:1947278-1986375
UCSC Genome Browser Search in Marker Scope
Forensic tag(s)
Postmortem interval inference
External database
HGNC NCBI Ensembl OMIM UniProt GTEx

MANE select

Transcript ID
NM_021134.4
Sequence length
673.0 nt
GC content
0.6478

Secondary Structure

Generated by RNAfold
Minimum free energy (MFE) structure:
Secondary structure that contributes a minimum of free energy.
Ensemble properties:
Thermodynamic properties of the Boltzmann ensemble.
Minimum free energy
-298.00 kcal/mol
Thermodynamic ensemble
Free energy: -310.13 kcal/mol
Frequency: 0.0000
Diversity: 122.54
MFE Structure Visualization
Structure Prediction
MFE Structure Prediction
(((......((((....(((((((((((((...((((((..(((.(((((.....(((((((((((((((((........(((((.....))))).........)))))))))))))))))(((((.((......))))).)).((((.((((.(((((........))))).)).))..))))..(((((((.....))).))))))))))))..)))))).)))))))).)))))....))))(((((((.((((((.....(.(((((((((...(((.(((((((.((.....(((((.((.(((((...)))...)).))))))).........)).))))))))))...))))).)))).)..........)))))).....(((.((.(((((..(..(((((...((.(((((........)).))))))))))..).(((((..(((((...((((((.((((((..((((((.((..((((.((((...(((((((.((((.(((((((..(((((..(((((......)))))..)))))...))))).)).))))..)))))))....)))).))))..)))))))).))))))))))))..)))))..)))))))))).)).)))..(((............))).))))))).)))...
Thermodynamic Ensemble Prediction
{((......((((....(((((((((((((...((((((..(((.(((((.{{{,(((((((((((((((((........(((((,...,))))).........)))))))))))))))||({{{{,{{|||,..}}}||,||.({{{.{{((.{((((,.....,.})))}.)).},,,))))..|||{(((.....))).))))))))))))..)))))).)))))))).)))))....))))(((((((.((((((.....{.(((.(((((...(,(((((((((.((.....(((((.((.({,({...}},.,.)).)))))))...,.,...},.))))))))))...))))).)))}.|........,.)))))).....{||.((.(((((..{..(((((...((.{{(((......,,)},))})})))))..,.(((((..(((((...(((((,{((((((..((((({{((..((((.((((...(((((((.((((.(((((((..(((((..(((((......)))))..)))))...)))))},).))))..)))))))....)))).))))..)))))))).))))))))))))..)))))..)))))))))).)).)))..{{{............))).})))))),)))...

Transcripts

ID Sequence Length GC content
NM_001400172.1 NCBI
CUCGCGGACCCCGGAAGCGCGCGUGGCCGCCAUGGCGCGGAAUGUGGUG… 872 nt 0.6720
NM_001400174.1 NCBI
CUCGCGGACCCCGGAAGCGCGCGUGGCCGCCAUGGCGCGGAAUGUGGUG… 780 nt 0.6385
NM_001400176.1 NCBI
CUCGCGGACCCCGGAAGCGCGCGUGGCCGCCAUGGCGCGGAAUGUGGUG… 2519 nt 0.6241
NM_001400179.1 NCBI
CUCGCGGACCCCGGAAGCGCGCGUGGCCGCCAUGGCGCGGAAUGUGGUG… 2466 nt 0.5981
NM_001400182.1 NCBI
CUCGCGGACCCCGGAAGCGCGCGUGGCCGCCAUGGCGCGGAAUGUGGUG… 928 nt 0.6131
NM_021134.4 NCBI
CUCGCGGACCCCGGAAGCGCGCGUGGCCGCCAUGGCGCGGAAUGUGGUG… 673 nt 0.6478
Summary

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 39S subunit protein. The gene is biallelically expressed, despite its location within a region of imprinted genes on chromosome 11. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Forensic Context

A study in *Lucilia illustris* demonstrated that the MRPL23 served as a constitutively expressed housekeeping gene for normalizing quantitative PCR data in age estimation during intrapuparial development [Wang et al. DOI:10.1016/J.Forsciint.2018.02.025]. Research in *Calliphora vicina* similarly identified the MRPL23 as a stably expressed reference transcript, validated via geNorm analysis, for normalizing the expression of age-predictive target genes in pupae [Boehme et al. DOI:10.1007/s00414-012-0699-1]. Research in Aldrichina grahami further validated the MRPL23 as one of the most stable reference genes for qPCR normalization at 22°C when combined with GST1, enabling the analysis of age- and temperature-sensitive mRNA markers for forensic PMI estimation [Liu et al. DOI:10.1093/jme/tjaa144].