| ID | Sequence | Length | GC content |
|---|---|---|---|
| GUACAAUAGCGCGGCUGUGGGCGGGGGAGGCUGCCCUCCCGCGGCUGCA… | 3508 nt | 0.4994 | |
| GUACAAUAGCGCGGCUGUGGGCGGGGGAGGCUGCCCUCCCGCGGCUGCA… | 3505 nt | 0.4996 | |
| GCCUUCGCUGCCGCCCUGCGAGAGCGCGAGCGUGCUGCACCUCGGGAGC… | 3163 nt | 0.4758 | |
| GCCUUCGCUGCCGCCCUGCGAGAGCGCGAGCGUGCUGCACCUCGGGAGC… | 3160 nt | 0.4759 | |
| GCCUUCGCUGCCGCCCUGCGAGAGCGCGAGCGUGCUGCACCUCGGGAGC… | 3295 nt | 0.4728 | |
| GCCUUCGCUGCCGCCCUGCGAGAGCGCGAGCGUGCUGCACCUCGGGAGC… | 3135 nt | 0.4772 | |
| GUACAAUAGCGCGGCUGUGGGCGGGGGAGGCUGCCCUCCCGCGGCUGCA… | 3456 nt | 0.5014 | |
| GCCUUCGCUGCCGCCCUGCGAGAGCGCGAGCGUGCUGCACCUCGGGAGC… | 3114 nt | 0.4775 | |
| GCCUUCGCUGCCGCCCUGCGAGAGCGCGAGCGUGCUGCACCUCGGGAGC… | 3181 nt | 0.4756 | |
| GUACAAUAGCGCGGCUGUGGGCGGGGGAGGCUGCCCUCCCGCGGCUGCA… | 3634 nt | 0.4959 |
This gene encodes a family member of serine/threonine p21-activating kinases, known as PAK proteins. These proteins are critical effectors that link RhoGTPases to cytoskeleton reorganization and nuclear signaling, and they serve as targets for the small GTP binding proteins Cdc42 and Rac. This specific family member regulates cell motility and morphology. Mutations in this gene have been associated with macrocephaly, seizures, and speech delay. Overexpression of this gene is also reported in many cancer types, and particularly in breast cancer. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]
A study in humans identified the PAK1 as a central hub gene within molecular networks associated with lifetime alcohol consumption in postmortem prefrontal cortex, demonstrating its role in dendritic spine formation and remodeling as part of the neuroadaptations to chronic alcohol abuse [Farris et al. DOI:10.1038/Mp.2014.159]. A study in rats demonstrated that the PAK1 mRNA was down-regulated in the frontal cortex of ethanol-preferring AA rats compared to ethanol-avoiding ANA rats, as identified through DNA macroarray analysis [Worst et al. DOI:10.1002/Jnr.20496].