Basic Information

Symbol
POMC
RNA class
mRNA
Alias
Proopiomelanocortin CLIP ACTH MSH POC NPP LPH Opiomelanocortin Prepropeptide Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Corticotropin-Lipotropin Pro-Opiomelanocortin Adrenocorticotropin Beta-Endorphin Corticotropin-Like Intermediary Peptide Alpha-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Beta-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone Beta-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Proopiomelanocortin Preproprotein Melanotropin Alpha Melanotropin Gamma Pro-ACTH-Endorphin Melanotropin Beta Lipotropin Gamma Beta-Lipotropin Lipotropin Beta Met-Enkephalin Corticotropin Alpha-MSH Gamma-LPH Gamma-MSH Beta-LPH Beta-MSH OBAIRH
Location (GRCh38)
2:25160853-25168903
UCSC Genome Browser Search in Marker Scope
Forensic tag(s)
Other applications
External database
HGNC NCBI Ensembl OMIM UniProt GTEx

MANE select

Transcript ID
NM_000939.4
Sequence length
1128.0 nt
GC content
0.6525

Secondary Structure

Generated by RNAfold
Minimum free energy (MFE) structure:
Secondary structure that contributes a minimum of free energy.
Ensemble properties:
Thermodynamic properties of the Boltzmann ensemble.
Minimum free energy
-503.30 kcal/mol
Thermodynamic ensemble
Free energy: -518.97 kcal/mol
Frequency: 0.0000
Diversity: 271.72
MFE Structure Visualization
Structure Prediction
MFE Structure Prediction
((((((((((((((((..((((.(((.((.((......))..(((((.(((((((((((((((.(((....)))..(((((....((((.((((((((......((((........(((((.((((((..((((.((((..((((((..((((.(((((((((((((((......)))))..)).))))))))))))))))))..)))).))))..........((...((((((..(((....(((((......)))))......((((((((..(((((.((((.(((..(..(((........)))..)..))).))))...(((((((..(((...))).))))))).)))))....)))))))).)))..))))))..)))))))).)))))))))..))))))..))..))))..)))))(((((((..........)))))))..))))))))))......(((((((.(((..(((.(......).))))))))).))))(((.(((((........))))).)))(((((((......)))))))........(((((((..((..(((.....))).))))))))).)))))..))))))).))))))))))))((((.....(((((.(((...(((....((((((((((((((...((((((....((((((((.(((((.((((.((((((((.(((((.((...((((.....))))...)))))))..............)))))))).(((..((((.....)))))))((((.....))))..(((((.(((((.(((.((((....)))).)))))....(((((......)))))..)))))))).....)))).))))).....(((((.......))))).(((....))).))))))))...)))))))))))))...))).))))...))).))))))))...))))......(((((((.((((((((...)))))))).))))))).....((((........))))((((....)))).........)))))....(((((((......(...........)......)))))))....(((....)))...))))))...
Thermodynamic Ensemble Prediction
((((((...((((((({.{,,(.((({(,{((,..,{.(((((((((.(((((((((((((((.{{(,...}}}..(((((....((((.((((((((,,....{(((,....,,.(((((.((((((.{((((.((((..((((((..((((.(((((((((((((((......)))))..)).))))))))))))))))))..)))).))))....,.....{{...((((((..{(({...(((((......)))))......{(((((((.,(((({.((((.(((..(..(((........)))..)..))).))))...(((((((..(((...))).))))))).}))))..,.}))))))},|))..},})))|.),}))))).)))))))))}.))))))..))..))))..))))){((((((..........))))))),,))))))))))..,,..(((((((.(((..((,{((.....})))))))))).)))){((.(((((........))))).))}(((((((......)))))))},......(((((((..((..(((.....))).))))))))).)))))..)))))||.||||||||{|||(((({{...,,,,,.((({..,,,.}}}||||||||||.|||}|.,||||{}|..||||||(({(,,,,}|||({(((((((({((,,,.||}}},||,,..}}))))}}}})))))}........{{.|,.|||||||}.,,({,.({,...}.))),,})|||{..,,,))))..((((,{(((((.(((.((((....)))).)))}}....(((((......)))))..)))))))).....}|||.||||}.....(((((.......))))).|||}.}}),}.}}|||||}...||||}},|||||,...)))))},).}}),,.,))))))))})))))))).},(((((((.((((((({...}))))))).))))))).....((((........)))){{{{....})))........,}},,}....{((((({......,.......,...},.....})))))}....{{,....}))...))))))...

Transcripts

ID Sequence Length GC content
NM_000939.4 NCBI
GGCGGCGAAGGAGGGGAAGAAGAGCCGCGACCGAGAGAGGCCGCCGAGC… 1128 nt 0.6525
NM_001035256.3 NCBI
GGCGGCGAAGGAGGGGAAGAAGAGCCGCGACCGAGAGAGGCCGCCGAGC… 1178 nt 0.6469
NM_001319204.2 NCBI
GGCGGCGAAGGAGGGGAAGAAGAGCCGCGACCGAGAGAGGCCGCCGAGC… 1208 nt 0.6440
NM_001319205.2 NCBI
GGCGGCGAAGGAGGGGAAGAAGAGCCGCGACCGAGAGAGGCCGCCGAGC… 1158 nt 0.6494
Summary

This gene encodes a preproprotein that undergoes extensive, tissue-specific, post-translational processing via cleavage by subtilisin-like enzymes known as prohormone convertases. There are eight potential cleavage sites within the preproprotein and, depending on tissue type and the available convertases, processing may yield as many as ten biologically active peptides involved in diverse cellular functions. The encoded protein is synthesized mainly in corticotroph cells of the anterior pituitary where four cleavage sites are used; adrenocorticotrophin, essential for normal steroidogenesis and the maintenance of normal adrenal weight, and lipotropin beta are the major end products. In other tissues, including the hypothalamus, placenta, and epithelium, all cleavage sites may be used, giving rise to peptides with roles in pain and energy homeostasis, melanocyte stimulation, and immune modulation. These include several distinct melanotropins, lipotropins, and endorphins that are contained within the adrenocorticotrophin and beta-lipotropin peptides. The antimicrobial melanotropin alpha peptide exhibits antibacterial and antifungal activity. Mutations in this gene have been associated with early onset obesity, adrenal insufficiency, and red hair pigmentation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

Forensic Context

A study in rats demonstrated that repeated fluoxetine administration induced a progressive decrease in proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene expression in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, with a reduction exceeding 20% after 31 days of treatment [Oliva et al. DOI:10.1016/J.Neuropharm.2005.04.014].