This gene encodes a member of the paraoxonase family of enzymes and exhibits lactonase and ester hydrolase activity. Following synthesis in the kidney and liver, the enzyme is secreted into the circulation, where it binds to high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles and hydrolyzes thiolactones and xenobiotics, including paraoxon, a metabolite of the insecticide parathion. Polymorphisms in this gene may be associated with coronary artery disease and diabetic retinopathy. The gene is found in a cluster of three related paraoxonase genes on chromosome 7. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]
Forensic Context
A study in human blood plasma demonstrated that the PON1 (PON1) was significantly downregulated with age and was utilized as part of a 21-protein panel for chronological age prediction [Salignon et al. DOI:10.18632/aging.204787]. The proteomic model incorporating this biomarker achieved a prediction accuracy of R² = 0.59 ± 0.02, and its combination with miRNA data further improved the model to R² = 0.70 ± 0.01.