Basic Information

Symbol
PRB4
RNA class
mRNA
Alias
Proline Rich Protein BstNI Subfamily 4 Basic Salivary Proline-Rich Protein 4 Salivary Proline-Rich Protein II-1 Salivary Proline-Rich Protein Po Parotid O Protein BstNI Type Basic Salivary Proline-Rich Protein 4 Po
Location (GRCh38)
12:11307077-11310436
UCSC Genome Browser Search in Marker Scope
Forensic tag(s)
Tissue/body fluid identification
External database
HGNC NCBI Ensembl OMIM UniProt GTEx

MANE select

Transcript ID
NM_002723.6
Sequence length
923.0 nt
GC content
0.5623

Secondary Structure

Generated by RNAfold
Minimum free energy (MFE) structure:
Secondary structure that contributes a minimum of free energy.
Ensemble properties:
Thermodynamic properties of the Boltzmann ensemble.
Minimum free energy
-249.50 kcal/mol
Thermodynamic ensemble
Free energy: -267.06 kcal/mol
Frequency: 0.0000
Diversity: 205.08
MFE Structure Visualization
Structure Prediction
MFE Structure Prediction
.(((..(((.((((..((((..(((((.(..((((.....))))..).)))))..))))((((((((.((((((((((.....(((((.(.(((....)))..).))))).(((((((.....)))))))....)))))...))))).))).......((...((((((......((......))......))))))...))...)))))..(((((....((...((((((..(((........)))......))))))...))..........((((...((((....)).))......))))...))))))))).))).....((....)).............((...((((((..(((........)))......))))))...))..(((......((((..........((((((.....(((((..........(((((((...((...................))...))))))).....((((...(((...((..........))...)))....))))....((...((((.(((.....(((((...(.((.........(((((((.........(((((............((((.....))))...)))))......)))))))..(((....)))......(((((((((((............(((...))).)))))))))))...)))...)))))....)))...))))...))(((((((.(.....).))))))).)))))....))))))((((....)).)).(((((((.((((...((..........((.(((((((((.....))))).)))).))))....)).)).)))))))....))))......)))................................)))......
Thermodynamic Ensemble Prediction
.(({..(((,((((..((((..(((((.(..((((,...,))))..).)))))..))))((((((((.((((((((((.....(((((.{.(((....)))..}.))))).(((((((.....)))))))....)))))...))))).})).......{{...((((((......((......))......))))))...))...)))))..(((((....{,...,(({((..,{{........))}......}}}||}.,.||....||....|{{{..,{{{{....)).))......}))}...)))))}}}}.))}.....((....}}.....{,,,....,,...,(((((,.,{{........))}......}})))),,.||....|,.....{{{{..........((((((.....(((((..........,{{((({...||..................,||...|||||||.....{,,,,.,(((.....,}}}..{((((({..,...,..(({{{..,{{....||..(({.....{|||,...{,{,......{||{,,,|||...,}....||||...........{.((((.....))))}..)))))......)))))))..(((....)))......(((((((((((....,,...|..{{|...))}.)))))))))))...||,,..}))))....,..,||}}}}...))|((((((,,.....).))))))}.)))))....))))))((((....}}.)).(((({((.{{,{..,{|..,.......,.,||,((((({.....}))))},}}|,,.....,,}).}).})))))}....)))).,...,|||.....,,,..........,.........,))})))......

Transcripts

ID Sequence Length GC content
NM_001261399.3 NCBI
AGCACAGAGUUGGGAGUGACUCCAGAGCCUCCAGCGAGAUGCUGCUGAU… 716 nt 0.5489
NM_002723.6 NCBI
AGCACAGAGUUGGGAGUGACUCCAGAGCCUCCAGCGAGAUGCUGCUGAU… 923 nt 0.5623
Summary

This gene encodes a member of the heterogeneous family of basic, proline-rich, human salivary glycoproteins. The encoded preproprotein undergoes proteolytic processing to generate one or more mature peptides before secretion from the parotid glands. Multiple alleles of this gene exhibiting variations in the length of the tandem repeats have been identified. The reference genome encodes the "Small" allele. This gene is located in a cluster of closely related salivary proline-rich proteins on chromosome 12. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms that may undergo similar proteolytic processing. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

Forensic Context

A study in humans demonstrated that the PRB4 is a protein identified as a biomarker for saliva in a streamlined, protease-free mass spectrometry assay, where it was detected in 48 out of 50 saliva samples with 44.74% average coverage but was not detected below a 50-fold dilution in sensitivity tests [Brown et al. DOI:10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00711]. In a separate human study, the PRB4 was also utilized as an mRNA marker (PRB4_G) included in a final targeted sequencing panel for saliva identification [Neis et al. DOI:10.1016/j.fsigen.2024.103125].