Basic Information

Symbol
PRG2
RNA class
mRNA
Alias
Proteoglycan 2, Pro Eosinophil Major Basic Protein BMPG MBP ProMBP Proteoglycan 2, Bone Marrow (Natural Killer Cell Activator, Eosinophil Granule Major Basic Protein) Eosinophil Major Basic Protein Bone Marrow Proteoglycan Eosinophil Granule Major Basic Protein Natural Killer Cell Activator Proteoglycan 2 Preproprotein Proteoglycan 2 MBP1
Location (GRCh38)
11:57386780-57391143
UCSC Genome Browser Search in Marker Scope
Forensic tag(s)
Cause of death analysis Drug abuse diagnoses Mechanical injury analysis
External database
HGNC NCBI Ensembl OMIM UniProt GTEx

MANE select

Transcript ID
NM_002728.6
Sequence length
1431.0 nt
GC content
0.5192

Secondary Structure

Generated by RNAfold
Minimum free energy (MFE) structure:
Secondary structure that contributes a minimum of free energy.
Ensemble properties:
Thermodynamic properties of the Boltzmann ensemble.
Minimum free energy
-527.30 kcal/mol
Thermodynamic ensemble
Free energy: -550.68 kcal/mol
Frequency: 0.0000
Diversity: 371.87
MFE Structure Visualization
Structure Prediction
MFE Structure Prediction
...((((((((((((((((((......)))))).))))))..((((((.((((((((...((((.((((((((((((((.....................)))).)))........)))))))..)).)).....))))))))..)))))).((((((((((......)).)))))))).(((((((((((((.((((((.(((((((((((....((((((((((.((((((.((((((((.(.(((((...((((((((...(((((((((...((((..(((((((((((........((((((((.(((.((((........(((((((((((.......))))))).))))..((((((((.(((...(((((((...((((..((.((((((.(((((((((.(((..(((.....)))))))))......))))))))))))))..))))))).))))))).)))).))))...(((.(((.....))).))))))).)))))))...)))))))))))...))))..))))...)))))))))...))))...((((((((((((((((.(.(((((((((.(((....)))))))))))))))))))....((((((.....)))))).((((.((((((....)))))).))))..))).)))))))(((((....(((.....)))....))))).((((......)))).....))))..((((((((((....))))))...))))((((((((......))))))))))))))))))))))..............)))))).))))))))))..((((((((((.........)))))))))))))))))).)))(((((.....)))))...((((............((((((((.(((......(((.((((((...(((.(((.(((.......))).))).(((....)))((.((.(((((((.((((..((((((.(((.((.....(((((((.(((..(((((((((...(((((......)))))..)))).(((((.((....)).)))))((((((.(((((....))))).).)))))..........))))).))).)))))))))..))).)))))).....))))..))))))).)))).))).)))))))))......)))))))))))...((((((...((((.....(((((.(((((((....))))))).......(((.......)))........))))).....))))))))))...)))).(((((....))))))))))).)))).)))(((.....((((((......))))))..)))......))))))...(((.....)))))))))........(((.((................))..))).
Thermodynamic Ensemble Prediction
...{(((((((((((((((((,....,)))))).))))))..((((((.((((((({...{(({.{{{,{{,,,,,,{{,,.,,{{{|||.{,,,,,,..|||{,|||,,|||||||||||||.,||{||..|,.}}}}}}})..}))))).{{|{||||((..,,..}).))))|}))||||((||,,{{((,(({(((,(((((((((({....((((((((((.((((((,((((((((.(.(((((.,,{{{,({((...(((((((((...((((..(((((((((((........((((((((.(((.((((........(((((((((((.......))))))).))))..((((((((.,.{{,.(({((((...((((..((.((((((.(((((((((.({,..(((.....))).,},,,},,,,.))))))))))))))..)))))))}.))}))..)))).))))...{((.(((.....))).))})))).)))))))...)))))))))))...))))..))))...)))))))))...}}}}...((((((((((((((((.{.((((((((({(((....))))))))))))}))))))....((((((.....)))))).(({(,((((((....)))))).))))..))).)))))))(((((....(((.....)))....))))).((((.....,}))}.,}},}}}}..((((((((((....))))))...))))((((((((......))))))))))))))))))))))..............)))))).))))))))))..,,,,(((((,....,,..,|||||}}}}}}))})))},)}}{{((|,,,..))))}...||||............{{{|||{{.|||,,,..,{{|.{{{{{,...,,,,|||}||{|},,,,,),,.,,.,|||,}|||}}|{|((,(((((((,({((,,((({,,.{((,{{,,..,((((({(,((({{{((((((((.,.(((((......)))))..))),..(((((((...,{...(((.((((((.(((((....))))).).))))))))..,,...)))))))||{||,,,,)))}}}}}.}})))).|}}|)}}},,))))}||,||,|,....))}))))))......}}}}})))))}...{({(({...{(((,.,,,(((({.(((((((....))))))).......(((.......}))........}}))}.....}}}}}))))},,,|||}.{{{{,.,,,))))))))}}).)))),})}|||,,,}}|||{||.,....}}})))}}))}.,},,.,))))),,,|||,}}},))}))))))},.,,,..{((.,...............,,}}..}},.

Transcripts

ID Sequence Length GC content
NM_001243245.3 NCBI
AAAGAAGGACCUGGGCUUUGGGAAGAUCUAAAGACCCAGGAAGGUCUCU… 1398 nt 0.5207
NM_001302926.2 NCBI
AAAGAAGGACCUGGGCUUUGGGAAGAUCUAAAGACCCAGGAAGGUCUCU… 1427 nt 0.5186
NM_001302927.2 NCBI
AAAGAAGGACCUGGGCUUUGGGAAGAUCUAAAGACCCAGGAAGGUCUCU… 1544 nt 0.5233
NM_002728.6 NCBI
AAAGAAGGACCUGGGCUUUGGGAAGAUCUAAAGACCCAGGAAGGUCUCU… 1431 nt 0.5192
Summary

The protein encoded by this gene is the predominant constituent of the crystalline core of the eosinophil granule. High levels of the proform of this protein are also present in placenta and pregnancy serum, where it exists as a complex with several other proteins including pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPPA), angiotensinogen (AGT), and C3dg. This protein may be involved in antiparasitic defense mechanisms as a cytotoxin and helminthotoxin, and in immune hypersensitivity reactions. The encoded protein contains a peptide that displays potent antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi. It is directly implicated in epithelial cell damage, exfoliation, and bronchospasm in allergic diseases. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]

Forensic Context

A study in mice demonstrated that the PRG2 gene, encoding proteoglycan 2, bone marrow, was significantly upregulated (6.393-fold increase) in lung tissue following hypothermia-induced death, identifying it as a candidate RNA marker for forensic hypothermia diagnosis [Takamiya et al. DOI:10.1016/J.Legalmed.2020.101789]. A study in Sprague Dawley rats demonstrated that adolescent morphine exposure in females leads to transgenerational changes in gene expression within the nucleus accumbens, where the PRG2 was downregulated in both male and female F1 offspring and exhibited sex-specific dysregulation in the F2 generation, with decreased expression in females and increased expression in males [Fair M. Vassoler et al. DOI:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.10.006]. A separate review of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in humans, rats, and mice identifies the PRG2 as a protein biomarker of brain damage that can be measured in serum and cerebrospinal fluid to evaluate injury severity and correlate with clinical outcomes [Annunziato Mangiola et al. DOI:10.1155/2015/736104].