Basic Information

Symbol
TNNI2
RNA class
mRNA
Alias
Troponin I2, Fast Skeletal Type FsTnI FSSV DA2B Troponin I Type 2 (Skeletal, Fast) Troponin I, Fast Skeletal Muscle Troponin I, Skeletal, Fast Troponin I Fast Twitch 2 AMCD2B Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita, Distal, Type 2B Troponin I, Fast-Twitch Skeletal Muscle Isoform Troponin I, Fast-Twitch Isoform DA2B1
Location (GRCh38)
11:1838981-1841680
UCSC Genome Browser Search in Marker Scope
Forensic tag(s)
Tissue/body fluid identification Mechanical injury analysis
External database
HGNC NCBI Ensembl OMIM UniProt GTEx

MANE select

Transcript ID
NM_003282.4
Sequence length
751.0 nt
GC content
0.6138

Secondary Structure

Generated by RNAfold
Minimum free energy (MFE) structure:
Secondary structure that contributes a minimum of free energy.
Ensemble properties:
Thermodynamic properties of the Boltzmann ensemble.
Minimum free energy
-290.6 kcal/mol
Thermodynamic ensemble
Free energy: -302.47 kcal/mol
Frequency: 0.0000
Diversity: 179.82
MFE Structure Visualization
Structure Prediction
MFE Structure Prediction
.....((((((((((.(.(..(((((((((((..((((......((.((((.((((...)))).)))).)))))).)))))).)))))..).))))....(((((.....)))))((((.((.(((((....)).))).))))))...))))))).((((...(((.....((((..((((.((.(..(((((....(((((......((((((.((...))))))))(((((...(((.(.(((((((((....((((.....((((.....((((((((((.......)).))))))))....))))..))))))))))))).)..))))))))....(((((.....)))))...........((((.....)))).)))))((((((.((...((.(((((((.((.(.(((.(((.((((........))))))).)))..((((((...(((.((.(.(((((...))))).).))))).)))))).(((((...))))).....................).)).)))(((((((...)))))))(((((((....(((((((.........((((((.......))))))....)))))))...))).))))...)))).)).))))))))...(((((....(((((....(((((((.........)).)))))..)))))))).)))))))).))..))))..))))....))))))).......((((....))))...
Thermodynamic Ensemble Prediction
.....((((((((({,(.{..(((((((((((..((((......((.((((.((((...)))).)))).)))))).)))))).)))))..,.))))....(((((.....)))))((({{((.(((((....)).))).))))))...))))))).((((...(((....,({((..{{||.||,({,(((,,....,(((..{..{{((((((.((.,,||||}||.(((((...(({.(.(((((((((....((((.....((((.,...((((((((((.......)).))))))))....)}}}..))))))))))))).)..))))))))....(((((.....))))).{{.......}|.....,..,|||,|||||(((((..((....||,|||||,....,}|{{,|{{,(({(,,...,,.,}}||}|{|||..((((((.,.(((.((.(.(((({...})))).).)))))}))))))....|,..})))))},,,..}}.,|.,........{{,|||||{({{(((,,.}))))}}{{(({((....{{{{{|{..,......{{{(((....,,,||||||....|||}}})...))).,)))},.}))).)))})})))))}.,,)})})}}}(((((....((((({{.,.......)).)))))..)))))}}}.))))))))}),,}}})),,)))),},.))))))).......((((....))))...

Transcripts

ID Sequence Length GC content
NM_001145829.2 NCBI
AACACUUUCUCCUCUUACUUCUCACCCUGGGGAAUUCCAAGACAUUGUC… 757 nt 0.5971
NM_001145841.2 NCBI
ACACACCACACAGCACCAUGUCCCAGUGCAAGAAGCGGAACAGGGCCAU… 693 nt 0.6075
NM_003282.4 NCBI
AACUCGCCGCUGCCGGCCUGACCUCGCUCCCAGCCCUGCUGCCCAGAUU… 751 nt 0.6138
Summary

This gene encodes a fast-twitch skeletal muscle protein, a member of the troponin I gene family, and a component of the troponin complex including troponin T, troponin C and troponin I subunits. The troponin complex, along with tropomyosin, is responsible for the calcium-dependent regulation of striated muscle contraction. Mouse studies show that this component is also present in vascular smooth muscle and may play a role in regulation of smooth muscle function. In addition to muscle tissues, this protein is found in corneal epithelium, cartilage where it is an inhibitor of angiogenesis to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis, and mammary gland where it functions as a co-activator of estrogen receptor-related receptor alpha. This protein also suppresses tumor growth in human ovarian carcinoma. Mutations in this gene cause myopathy and distal arthrogryposis type 2B. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009]

Forensic Context

A study in pigs demonstrated that the TNNI2 was expressed in skeletal muscle tissue and showed highly variable, non-linear regulation after high-force impact in bruises [Barington et al. DOI:10.007/s12024-017-9869-2]. In human forensic science, a separate study developed a multiplex assay where the TNNI2 was validated as a specific mRNA marker for the identification of skeletal muscle tissue, though it showed cross-reactivity with thyroid tissue, and was successfully applied to analyze samples from violent crimes including a blind test set [Lindenbergh et al. DOI:10.1007/s00414-013-0895-7].