Basic Information

Symbol
BPIFA1
RNA class
mRNA
Alias
BPI Fold Containing Family A Member 1 SPLUNC1 LUNX BA49G10.5 PLUNC Palate Lung And Nasal Epithelium Clone Protein Secretory Protein In Upper Respiratory Tracts Palate, Lung And Nasal Epithelium Associated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma-Related Protein BPI Fold-Containing Family A Member 1 Lung-Specific Protein X Von Ebner Protein Hl Short PLUNC1 SPURT NASG Palate, Lung And Nasal Epithelium Carcinoma Associated Tracheal Epithelium Enriched Protein Tracheal Epithelium-Enriched Protein Ligand-Binding Protein RYA3 Protein Plunc
Location (GRCh38)
20:33235995-33243311
UCSC Genome Browser Search in Marker Scope
Forensic tag(s)
Tissue/body fluid identification
External database
HGNC NCBI Ensembl OMIM UniProt GTEx

MANE select

Transcript ID
NM_130852.3
Sequence length
1075.0 nt
GC content
0.5470

Secondary Structure

Generated by RNAfold
Minimum free energy (MFE) structure:
Secondary structure that contributes a minimum of free energy.
Ensemble properties:
Thermodynamic properties of the Boltzmann ensemble.
Minimum free energy
-385.20 kcal/mol
Thermodynamic ensemble
Free energy: -405.92 kcal/mol
Frequency: 0.0000
Diversity: 276.12
MFE Structure Visualization
Structure Prediction
MFE Structure Prediction
(.(((((((((.((((((.(..((((.((((((((((((((((...((...(((((......(((((....)))))(((((((((....((((.((((.....(((((...))))))))).)))))))))))))..(((..((.(((..(((((((((((........((((((((.(..((.((((((((....(((.((....)).))))))))..))).))..(((((((..((((..(((((.(.....).))))))))))))))))..((((....))))(((.(.((....)).).)))..(((((.(((.....((((((((...((((((..((((..((..((((...(((((((((...((.......))..))))))))).....((((...)))).((((...)))).))))..))....))))..)))))).)))))))).........((((..((.....(((.((..(((...)))...)).)))...))..))))(((((((((((((.((((((....))))))........((((.........))))(((((((..(((((.(((((((.....)))))))((((....))))..((((...)))).)))))..)))))))..)))))))))))))))).))))))))))))))((((...))))...((((..((((.(((.....)))))))...)))))))))))))))..))).))))).)))))))...)))).))))))((((((((((((((...))))(((((..........)))))((((..((((((....)))))).))))..))))))))))(((((....(((((((((((((.(((((((((......))))..((((....)))).((((......(((.......)))..))))........))))))))).))))))))).....)))))........))))))((((......))))..))))..)))))))))))))))))(((((((((........)))))))))..............((.........)).
Thermodynamic Ensemble Prediction
{.(((((((((.((((((.(..((((.((((((((((((((((...{,.,.(((((......,{(({....}))||(((((((((.,,,,{((.((((.....(((((...))))))))).)))))))))))))},(((..((.(((({(((((((((({...{,({,,{{({{{(,(,.((((((.,.{{{...,((((({.{(((.,{(,(((((,((((,{({,,{(((({{((((..(({,{.{,,.,,)}))))}))))))))})),}|{||.,,})}}}|||,|.|{....)).}.,}|{{,(((((((((({...})}||))))))},|))}}||{{,.{{...((({({(((((((((...((.......))..)))))))))......)))))),,||.|{||,.|)))),((((((||((((((.(((....(((((..||||.....,,)}..)))))...))).))))}}.),.))))))......||,.,,}}..||}|||{|{{|||{|||}|||||{,...,)))))},.}}}|.||||..,{{..{||.,,(((((((..(((((.((((({(,....)))))))((((....))))..((((...)))).)))))..))))))).})),)))|||||||{,......,,)||||||||{{,.{{||,....,||,}}||||}|||}}},.)))))),,..,}}))))))))))))),})).))))).)))))})...)))),,))))){((((((((({{{,...}}}}(((((..........)))))((((..((((((....)))))).))))..)))))))))|(((((.,..(((((((((((((.(((((((((......))}}..((({....,))}.({{(.,....{{{.......)))..})))....,,..))))))))).)))))))))...,.))))),.......))))))||{{,,,...})))..))))..))))))))))))))))}((((({(((........)))}))))).............,|{.........,,.

Transcripts

ID Sequence Length GC content
NM_001243193.2 NCBI
GAGUGGGGGAGAGAGAGGAGACCAGGACAGCUGCUGAGACCUCUAAGAA… 1059 nt 0.5458
NM_016583.4 NCBI
GAGUGGGGGAGAGAGAGGAGACCAGGACAGCUGCUGAGACCUCUAAGAA… 1020 nt 0.5490
NM_130852.3 NCBI
GAGUGGGGGAGAGAGAGGAGACCAGGACAGCUGCUGAGACCUCUAAGAA… 1075 nt 0.5470
Summary

This gene is the human homolog of murine plunc, and like the mouse gene, is specifically expressed in the upper airways and nasopharyngeal regions. The encoded antimicrobial protein displays antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. It is thought to be involved in inflammatory responses to irritants in the upper airways and may also serve as a potential molecular marker for detection of micrometastasis in non-small-cell lung cancer. Multiple transcript variants resulting from alternative splicing in the 3' UTR have been detected, but the full-length nature of only three are known. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2014]

Forensic Context

A study in humans developed an RT-qPCR procedure for discriminating nasal secretion from saliva, where the BPIFA1 was highly expressed in nasal secretion (positive in 7/10 samples) and used with a ∆Cq <10 criterion, achieving 70% sensitivity and 100% specificity for nasal secretion identification [Akutsu et al. DOI:10.3390/diagnostics10080519]. Another human study using RNA-seq identified the BPIFA1 as a candidate nasal mucosa marker, where a newly designed primer set showed no cross-reactions in non-nasal samples and was detected in nasal samples from all tested origins (illness, allergy, spicy food, unknown cause) [Chirnside et al. DOI:10.1016/j.fsigen.2020.102317].