Basic Information

Symbol
CCL4
RNA class
mRNA
Alias
C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 4 MIP-1-Beta AT744.1 SCYA4 LAG1 Small Inducible Cytokine A4 (Homologous To Mouse Mip-1b) Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1-Beta Lymphocyte Activation Gene 1 Protein G-26 T-Lymphocyte-Secreted Protein Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 4 T-Cell Activation Protein 2 C-C Motif Chemokine 4 MIP-1-Beta(1-69) SIS-Gamma PAT 744 Act-2 LAG-1 MIP1B HC21 Small-Inducible Cytokine A4 Secreted Protein G-26 Protein H400 MIP1B1 SCYA2 ACT-2 ACT2 G-26
Location (GRCh38)
17:36103827-36105621
UCSC Genome Browser Search in Marker Scope
Forensic tag(s)
Sudden death from CNS diseases Forensic psychiatry evaluation Wound age identification
External database
HGNC NCBI Ensembl OMIM UniProt GTEx

MANE select

Transcript ID
NM_002984.4
Sequence length
660.0 nt
GC content
0.4742

Secondary Structure

Generated by RNAfold
Minimum free energy (MFE) structure:
Secondary structure that contributes a minimum of free energy.
Ensemble properties:
Thermodynamic properties of the Boltzmann ensemble.
Minimum free energy
-179.70 kcal/mol
Thermodynamic ensemble
Free energy: -193.37 kcal/mol
Frequency: 0.0000
Diversity: 202.14
MFE Structure Visualization
Structure Prediction
MFE Structure Prediction
.(((((((((.(((..(((((....)))))))).))))))....((((....)))).............(((((((((.((((.((..(((((((((.((((((((((.........(((((((...(((((((....))))...(((((((....(((......))).......((.((((((((((........(((((((....)))))))...(((((((((...)))))))))((((.((((..(((....)))...)))))))).............)))))).)))).))..))))))).(((((......)))))((((((.(((....)))..))))))...)))...))))))).))))))))))))))...((((((((...((((((...(((((..((((...))))..)))))........))))))..........((((...)))).))))))))................)))))..)).)))).))))).)))).....((((((((((.((.((((..((....((((((.((((((((...))))).....))))))).))....))..)))).)).))))).))))).(((((((........))))))).........................))).
Thermodynamic Ensemble Prediction
.(((({(((({,((({(((,,,.{,{(|{{({{{{{|||{,{(,{({{....||||{,,.....,,},,,,.,,......,|{{(({{{({{{((((.{(((((((({...,,,||.{({{((|...,,,,{{|....)))|,..(((((((....(((......}}}.......{{.((((((((((.,......(((((((....)))))))...{((((((((...))))))))}((({,((((..{{({,..})),..)))))))).............))))))},))).)}..))))))).(((((......)))))((((((.(((....)))..))))))...}}}.,,))))))}.)))))))))))))),{|{(({,{{{...||||||...((({(..{(((...)))}..}}))),.......))))))},,}},.,)),})))),})))}}......,.,.,,{{{..,,,.,{|||}||,|||||,|.|,||{,||||,....((((((((((.{{.((((..{{....(((((,{((((((((...))))).....))))))).))....}}..)))).)).))))).))))).,{{||||,,,,,...))))}}|..}}},,.}}}}..}}},,.,,,..})}.

Transcripts

ID Sequence Length GC content
NM_002984.4 NCBI
AGCACAGGACACAGCUGGGUUCUGAAGCUUCUGAGUUCUGCAGCCUCAC… 660 nt 0.4742
Summary

The protein encoded by this gene is a mitogen-inducible monokine and is one of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ T-cells. The encoded protein is secreted and has chemokinetic and inflammatory functions. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2012]

Forensic Context

A study in mice demonstrated that the CCL4 mRNA was significantly up-regulated and hypo-methylated three days after spinal cord injury [Ni et al. DOI:10.3389/fnins.2022.904573]. In human postmortem brain tissue, research found lower expression of the CCL4 gene in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of individuals with major depressive disorder compared to non-psychiatric controls [Pantazatos et al. DOI:10.1038/mp.2016.130]. A study in rabbits demonstrated that the CCL4 mRNA expression increased significantly at 3 hours post-incision, peaked at 5 hours, and normalized by 7 days, with no significant increase in postmortem wounds, indicating its utility for early wound age estimation and distinguishing supravital injuries [Bai et al. DOI:10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.07.006].