| ID | Sequence | Length | GC content |
|---|---|---|---|
| GCCGCACUUUCACUCUCCGUCAGCCGCAUUGCCCGCUCGGCGUCCGGCC… | 3537 nt | 0.4758 | |
| GCCGCACUUUCACUCUCCGUCAGCCGCAUUGCCCGCUCGGCGUCCGGCC… | 524 nt | 0.5573 | |
| GCCGCACUUUCACUCUCCGUCAGCCGCAUUGCCCGCUCGGCGUCCGGCC… | 1197 nt | 0.4637 | |
| GCCGCACUUUCACUCUCCGUCAGCCGCAUUGCCCGCUCGGCGUCCGGCC… | 3127 nt | 0.4759 | |
| GCCGCACUUUCACUCUCCGUCAGCCGCAUUGCCCGCUCGGCGUCCGGCC… | 1928 nt | 0.4751 |
This antimicrobial gene encodes a stromal cell-derived alpha chemokine member of the intercrine family. The encoded protein functions as the ligand for the G-protein coupled receptor, chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4, and plays a role in many diverse cellular functions, including embryogenesis, immune surveillance, inflammation response, tissue homeostasis, and tumor growth and metastasis. Mutations in this gene are associated with resistance to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infections. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]
A study in human corpus cavernosum tissue demonstrated that CXCL12 is a gene marker for endothelial cell subcluster EC2 and is highly expressed in this subcluster [Zhao et al. DOI:10.1038/s41467-022-31950-9]. In a separate study in Tibetan and Bama pigs, CXCL12 was uniquely upregulated in the skeletal muscle of cold-exposed Bama pigs, identifying it as a gene marker for immune/inflammatory response [Yang et al. DOI:10.3390/ijms24087431]. A study in rats demonstrated that sarin-induced seizure led to a significant and sustained down-regulation of the CXCL12 in the piriform cortex at all measured time points (0.25, 1, 3, 6, and 24 hours) post-seizure onset, as identified through microarray analysis [Spradling et al. DOI:10.1186/1742-2094-8-83].