Basic Information

Symbol
COX4I1
RNA class
mRNA
Alias
Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 4I1 COXIV-1 COX4-1 COXIV COX4 Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 4 Isoform 1, Mitochondrial Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit IV Isoform 1 Cytochrome C Oxidase Polypeptide IV Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit IV COX IV-1 MC4DN16
Location (GRCh38)
16:85798633-85807068
UCSC Genome Browser Search in Marker Scope
Forensic tag(s)
Drug abuse diagnoses Cause of death analysis
External database
HGNC NCBI Ensembl OMIM UniProt GTEx

MANE select

Transcript ID
NM_001861.6
Sequence length
763.0 nt
GC content
0.5269

Secondary Structure

Generated by RNAfold
Minimum free energy (MFE) structure:
Secondary structure that contributes a minimum of free energy.
Ensemble properties:
Thermodynamic properties of the Boltzmann ensemble.
Minimum free energy
-249.70 kcal/mol
Thermodynamic ensemble
Free energy: -263.37 kcal/mol
Frequency: 0.0000
Diversity: 267.79
MFE Structure Visualization
Structure Prediction
MFE Structure Prediction
.(((((((.((((((....)))((((.((.(((.((((((((((.((((.((.((.(((.((((.(((.(((((((.....))))...)))..))).)))).))))).)).)))).)))...(((..(((((.((((...((((((((......)))))))).....)))).))))).))).))))))).)))))))))((((((((((((((((.(((((((((((((..((((.(((((.(((..((((.(((((.....)))))..(((((.((((((.(((((...((.(.(((......)))).))..))))).))))))..)))))..........(((((....((((.((.....)).))))(.(((((((((((.....))).))...)))))).).(((...((((((.......))).)))...))))))))))))..))).))))).((.....))...))))...))))))....))).)))).)))))...((((.....))))..)))))..))))))..(((....)))........))).))))))).((((.(((.(((((...((((........)))))))))))).)))).(.((((......)))).)........((((((..(((((......((((......)))).......)))))..)))).)).((((((..(((((((.((((.((((.(........).)))))))).)))...))))..))))))......
Thermodynamic Ensemble Prediction
.,{(((((,({{(((,..,})}((({.((.(((.((((((({((,((((.((.((.(((.((((.(((.(((((((.....)))}...)))..))).)))).))))).)).)))).|}}...(((,{(((((.,{{{.,||||,.(((((((,...}))))))){||}}}}.}}))}.})).))))))).)))}||||}((((({((((((((((.(((((((((((((,.(((,..,|||.{{{..{{{{.(((((.....)))))..(((((,((((((.(((((...{..(.(((......)))}.))..))))).))))))..,}))),.,..,,.,,(({((,{,.((((.((.....)).)))){.{{{{{{||{||,,,.,)}),)}|..})))))})}|||,..{{{{||||....}},},}))}),,}))))}))))).,))}.|||||.....,},))}}})))},..))))))....))).)))).)))))}..(({{...,{|||}..|))|}..))))}}..|||}}.,|,|........}}}|)))}}},.((({.(({.(((((,..((((..,,....)))))))))})).)))).|}||{{,..,,,)}))},......}}|||{{|||((({,....,,||{|,,,.,,)))).......,}))),.)}}}.,}.((((((..(((({({.(((({((({.,......,.,,,))}}))).)))...))))..))))))......

Transcripts

ID Sequence Length GC content
NM_001318786.3 NCBI
CUCUUCCGGUCGCGGGACACCGGGUGUAGAGGGCGGUCGCGGCGGGCAG… 784 nt 0.5204
NM_001318788.2 NCBI
CUCUUCCGGUCGCGGGACACCGGGUGUAGAGGGCGGUCGCGGCGGGCAG… 675 nt 0.5422
NM_001318794.2 NCBI
CUCUUCCGGUCGCGGGACACCGGGUGUAGAGGGCGGUCGCGGCGGGCAG… 979 nt 0.5240
NM_001318797.3 NCBI
CUCUUCCGGUCGCGGGACACCGGGUGUAGAGGGCGGUCGCGGCGGGCAG… 759 nt 0.5283
NM_001318802.2 NCBI
CUCUUCCGGUCGCGGGACACCGGGUGUAGAGGGCGGUCGCGGCGGGCAG… 657 nt 0.5510
NM_001861.6 NCBI
CUCUUCCGGUCGCGGGACACCGGGUGUAGAGGGCGGUCGCGGCGGGCAG… 763 nt 0.5269
Summary

Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It is a multi-subunit enzyme complex that couples the transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to molecular oxygen and contributes to a proton electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The complex consists of 13 mitochondrial- and nuclear-encoded subunits. The mitochondrially-encoded subunits perform the electron transfer and proton pumping activities. The functions of the nuclear-encoded subunits are unknown but they may play a role in the regulation and assembly of the complex. This gene encodes the nuclear-encoded subunit IV isoform 1 of the human mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme. It is located at the 3' of the NOC4 (neighbor of COX4) gene in a head-to-head orientation, and shares a promoter with it. Pseudogenes related to this gene are located on chromosomes 13 and 14. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

Forensic Context

A study in mice demonstrated that COX4I1 was up-regulated in both neurons and glia of the ventral tegmental area during the addicting phase of nicotine self-administration, as part of a broader transcriptional shift in energy metabolism-related genes [Fan et al. DOI:10.1016/J.Jgg.2024.08.009]. A study in rats demonstrated that the COX4I1 was differentially expressed in hypothalamic tissue, with 72 tags in hypothermic samples versus 57 tags in control samples, indicating its potential as an RNA marker for hypothermic diagnosis [Takamiya et al. DOI:10.1016/J.Jflm.2012.04.017].